I'm working on one paper devoted to cultural differences in Web and find cultural dimensions of Hofstede extremely important for those who are looking for cultural differences. Here i'm sharing my findings.
"The great work of
Hofstede proposes cultural dimensions of people working at IBM in over 50
countries (Hofstede, 1991). He identified 5 dimensions of differences between
national cultures: power distance, collectivism versus individualism,
femininity versus masculinity, uncertainty avoidance, long-term orientation. Following
we are going to explain these dimensions.
The acceptability
and expectance of the power of members within society institutions like family,
school and a community at work shows the power
distance of the society. This dimension is about respect according to the
distance between people in different levels of hierarchy.
Everyone is
responsible for herself in individualistic
culture while groups are responsible for their members in collectivistic culture. In other words, individualism describes the situation when a person thinks firstly
about his interests as long as collectivism
describes the situation when a person thinks firstly about group interests.
Masculinity and femininity refer to
social gender roles. Either the roles are clearly distinct, i.e. “men are
focused on material success, whereas women are concerned with the quality of
life” – masculinity is higher. Or the roles overlap, i.e. both women and men
take care about life quality and material success.
The attitude to the
uncertainty is reflected in uncertainty
avoidance (UA) dimension. Representatives
of some cultures react negatively to uncertainty and need clear idea about what
is going to happen. These cultures have a high level of UA dimension.
Long-term vs. short-term orientation in life explains cultural differences in spending and saving money and accepting
quick results. People with long-term orientation of life (LTOL) use to save
more money and adopt themselves to the modern context while people with
short-term orientation use to overspend but respect traditions without any or
with minor adaptations. Moreover, in the first case results should be immediate
while in the second case it is very preferable."
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